Entities
The houses this wire writes about, and the on-chain addresses we can show belong to them. 110 entities, of which 5 have at least one verified address.
An address is named here only when it is published as that owner’s by two or more independent sources and its on-chain shape matches what that kind of wallet looks like — the measurement is recorded on each one so it can be re-checked. Everything else on the ledger reads “unknown wallet”, which is the honest answer.
Bridge
- AcrossAcross is an optimistic cross-chain bridge for Ethereum rollups.
- LayerZeroLayerZero is a cross-chain messaging protocol.
Company
- AlphabetAlphabet is the US holding company that owns Google.
- AmazonAmazon is a US retail and cloud computing company.
- AnthropicAnthropic is a US artificial intelligence company and the developer of Claude.
- AppleApple is a US consumer technology company.
- Archer AviationArcher Aviation is a US electric aircraft developer.
- Berkshire HathawayBerkshire Hathaway is a US holding company chaired by Warren Buffett.
- BitdeerBitdeer is a bitcoin mining and hosting company listed on Nasdaq.
- BitGoBitGo is a digital-asset custodian and wallet infrastructure provider.
- BitMine ImmersionBitMine Immersion is a US company that holds ether as a treasury reserve asset.
- BlockBlock is a US payments company whose Cash App offers bitcoin trading.
- ChainalysisChainalysis is a blockchain analysis company that sells transaction-tracing software to governments and businesses.
- CircleCircle issues USDC and is listed on the New York Stock Exchange.
- ColdcardColdcard is a bitcoin-only hardware wallet made by Coinkite.
- CoinsbuyCoinsbuy is a cryptocurrency payments provider.
- ConsensysConsensys is an Ethereum software company and the developer of MetaMask.
- CoreWeaveCoreWeave is a US cloud provider specializing in GPU compute.
- eToroeToro is a multi-asset brokerage that offers cryptocurrency trading.
- Goldman SachsGoldman Sachs is a US investment bank.
- Hewlett Packard EnterpriseHewlett Packard Enterprise is a US enterprise technology company.
- Hut 8Hut 8 is a North American bitcoin mining and data-centre operator.
- JefferiesJefferies is a US investment bank.
- JPMorgan ChaseJPMorgan Chase is the largest US bank by assets.
- MastercardMastercard is a US payments network with stablecoin settlement pilots.
- Meta PlatformsMeta Platforms is the US company that operates Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp.
- MetaMaskMetaMask is a self-custody cryptocurrency wallet developed by Consensys.
- MicrosoftMicrosoft is a US software and cloud computing company.
- Morgan StanleyMorgan Stanley is a US investment bank and wealth manager.
- NvidiaNvidia designs the graphics processors used in most AI training infrastructure.
- OpenAIOpenAI is a US artificial intelligence research and product company.
- Palo Alto NetworksPalo Alto Networks is a US cybersecurity company.
- PaxosPaxos is a New York-chartered trust company that issues stablecoins.
- Riot PlatformsRiot Platforms is a US bitcoin mining company.
- RippleRipple is a US payments company that develops software for the XRP Ledger.
- RobinhoodRobinhood is a US brokerage that offers commission-free equities and cryptocurrency trading.
- SpaceXSpaceX is a US aerospace company.
- Standard CharteredStandard Chartered is a British multinational bank.
- StrategyStrategy, formerly MicroStrategy, is a US software company that holds bitcoin as a treasury reserve asset.
- StripeStripe is a US payments company that acquired the stablecoin infrastructure firm Bridge.
- TetherTether issues USDT, the largest stablecoin by circulating supply.
- TrezorTrezor is a hardware wallet brand made by SatoshiLabs.
- Trump Media & Technology GroupTrump Media & Technology Group is a US media company listed on Nasdaq under DJT.
- VerizonVerizon is a US telecommunications company.
- VisaVisa is a US payments network that settles some transactions in stablecoins.
- Wells FargoWells Fargo is a US bank and financial services company.
- World Liberty FinancialWorld Liberty Financial is a US cryptocurrency venture associated with the Trump family.
Exchange
- BinanceBinance is a cryptocurrency exchange, the largest by reported spot trading volume.
- BitfinexBitfinex is a cryptocurrency exchange operated by iFinex Inc.
- BitgetBitget is a cryptocurrency exchange offering copy trading and derivatives.
- BitMEXBitMEX is a cryptocurrency derivatives exchange.
- BitstampBitstamp is a European cryptocurrency exchange, now owned by Robinhood.
- BybitBybit is a cryptocurrency exchange offering spot and derivatives trading.
- CoinbaseCoinbase is a US cryptocurrency exchange listed on Nasdaq under COIN.
- Crypto.comCrypto.com is a cryptocurrency exchange and payments platform operated by Foris DAX.
- DeribitDeribit is a cryptocurrency options and futures exchange.
- GeminiGemini is a US cryptocurrency exchange and custodian.
- KalshiKalshi is a US prediction market regulated by the CFTC as a designated contract market.
- KrakenKraken is a US cryptocurrency exchange operated by Payward Inc.
- OKXOKX is a cryptocurrency exchange and wallet provider, formerly named OKEx.
- PolymarketPolymarket is a prediction market built on Polygon.
Fund
- 21Shares21Shares issues exchange-traded cryptocurrency products.
- ARK InvestARK Invest is a US asset manager focused on disruptive-innovation funds.
- BitwiseBitwise is a US crypto index and exchange-traded fund manager.
- BlackRockBlackRock is the world's largest asset manager and the issuer of the iShares exchange-traded funds.
- Franklin TempletonFranklin Templeton is a US asset manager.
- GrayscaleGrayscale is a US digital-asset manager and the sponsor of GBTC.
Government
- European UnionThe European Union is a political and economic union of member states whose MiCA regulation governs crypto-asset markets.
- United Kingdom governmentThe government of the United Kingdom.
- United States CongressThe United States Congress is the federal legislature.
- US Department of JusticeThe US Department of Justice prosecutes federal crimes and holds the digital assets forfeited in them.
- United States governmentThe federal government of the United States.
- US Department of the TreasuryThe US Department of the Treasury administers federal finances and, through OFAC, the US sanctions programs.
Other
- CLARITY ActThe CLARITY Act is proposed US legislation that would divide crypto-asset oversight between the SEC and the CFTC.
- GENIUS ActThe GENIUS Act is US legislation establishing a federal framework for payment stablecoins.
- MiCAMiCA is the European Union regulation that governs crypto-asset markets across member states.
- Travel RuleThe Travel Rule is the FATF standard requiring originator and beneficiary information to accompany transfers of virtual assets.
Protocol
- AaveAave is a decentralized lending protocol.
- ArbitrumArbitrum is an Ethereum layer-2 rollup developed by Offchain Labs.
- AvalancheAvalanche is a proof-of-stake blockchain platform developed by Ava Labs.
- BaseBase is an Ethereum layer-2 rollup incubated by Coinbase.
- BitcoinBitcoin is the first cryptocurrency and the proof-of-work blockchain that settles it.
- BNB ChainBNB Chain is a blockchain network associated with Binance.
- CardanoCardano is a proof-of-stake blockchain developed by Input Output Global.
- ChainlinkChainlink is a decentralized oracle network that supplies external data to smart contracts.
- CosmosCosmos is a network of interoperable blockchains connected by the IBC protocol.
- DogecoinDogecoin is a proof-of-work cryptocurrency created in 2013.
- EthenaEthena issues USDe, a synthetic dollar backed by hedged crypto collateral.
- EthereumEthereum is a proof-of-stake blockchain with programmable smart contracts.
- HarmonyHarmony is a proof-of-stake blockchain whose ONE token trades on major exchanges.
- HyperliquidHyperliquid is a decentralized perpetual futures exchange running on its own layer-1 chain.
- LidoLido is a liquid staking protocol that issues stETH against staked ether.
- Lightning NetworkThe Lightning Network is a payment-channel network layered on Bitcoin.
- SkySky, formerly MakerDAO, is the protocol behind the DAI and USDS stablecoins.
- MoneroMonero is a privacy-focused proof-of-work cryptocurrency.
- OptimismOptimism is an Ethereum layer-2 rollup, also called OP Mainnet.
- PolkadotPolkadot is a blockchain network that connects parallel chains through a shared relay chain.
- PolygonPolygon is a set of Ethereum scaling networks developed by Polygon Labs.
- SolanaSolana is a high-throughput proof-of-stake blockchain.
- StellarStellar is a payments blockchain maintained by the Stellar Development Foundation.
- SuiSui is a proof-of-stake blockchain developed by Mysten Labs.
- TronTron is a blockchain network on which a large share of USDT circulates.
- UniswapUniswap is a decentralized exchange protocol on Ethereum.
Regulator
- US Commodity Futures Trading CommissionThe Commodity Futures Trading Commission is the US federal regulator of derivatives markets.
- Financial Conduct AuthorityThe Financial Conduct Authority regulates financial services firms in the United Kingdom.
- FDICThe Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insures US bank deposits.
- Federal ReserveThe Federal Reserve is the central bank of the United States.
- FinCENFinCEN is the US Treasury bureau that administers the Bank Secrecy Act and anti-money-laundering reporting rules.
- Office of the Comptroller of the CurrencyThe Office of the Comptroller of the Currency charters and supervises US national banks.
- US Securities and Exchange CommissionThe Securities and Exchange Commission is the US federal regulator of securities markets.